diabetes mellitus








< /ɪnˈsɪp ɪ dəs/. increased urine production caused by inadequate secretion of vasopressin by the pituary gland.

noun

  1. a disorder of carbohydrate metabolism characterized by excessive thirst and excretion of abnormally large quantities of urine containing an excess of sugar, caused by a deficiency of insulinSee also IDDM, NIDDM

noun

  1. any of various disorders, esp diabetes mellitus, characterized by excretion of an abnormally large amount of urine
n.

1560s, from medical Latin diabetes, from late Greek diabetes “excessive discharge of urine” (so named by Aretaeus the Cappadocian, physician of Alexandria, 2c.), literally “a passer-through, siphon,” from diabainein “to pass through,” from dia- “through” (see dia-) + bainein “to go” (see come).

An old common native name for it was pissing evil. In classical Greek, diabainein meant “to stand or walk with the legs apart,” and diabetes meant “a drafting compass,” from the position of the legs.

n.

  1. A severe, chronic form of diabetes caused by insufficient production of insulin and resulting in abnormal metabolism of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins. The disease typically appears in childhood or adolescence and is characterized by increased sugar levels in the blood and urine, excessive thirst, frequent urination, acidosis, and wasting.insulin-dependent diabetes type 1 diabetes
  2. A mild form of diabetes that typically appears first in adulthood and is exacerbated by obesity and an inactive lifestyle. This disease often has no symptoms, is usually diagnosed by tests that indicate glucose intolerance, and is treated with changes in diet and an exercise regimen.adult-onset diabetes late-onset diabetes non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus type 2 diabetes

n.

  1. Any of several metabolic disorders marked by excessive discharge of urine and persistent thirst, especially one of the two types of diabetes mellitus.

  1. A metabolic disease characterized by abnormally high levels of glucose in the blood, caused by an inherited inability to produce insulin (Type 1) or an acquired resistance to insulin (Type 2). Type 1 diabetes, which typically appears in childhood or adolescence, is marked by excessive thirst, frequent urination, and weight loss and requires treatment with insulin injections. Type 2 diabetes appears during adulthood, usually in overweight or elderly individuals, and is treated with oral medication or insulin. People with either type of diabetes benefit from dietary restriction of sugars and other carbohydrates. Uncontrolled blood glucose levels increase the risk for long-term medical complications including peripheral nerve disease, retinal damage, kidney disease, and progressive atherosclerosis caused by damage to endothelial cells in blood vessels, leading to coronary artery disease and peripheral vascular disease.

A chronic disease in which carbohydrates cannot be metabolized properly (see metabolism) because the pancreas fails to secrete an adequate amount of insulin. Without enough insulin, carbohydrate metabolism is upset, and levels of sugar in the blood rise.

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