espalier

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1. a trellis or framework on which the trunk and branches of fruit trees or shrubs are trained to grow in one plane.
2. a plant so trained.

verb (used with object)

3. to train on an espalier.
4. to furnish with an espalier.

noun

1. an ornamental shrub or fruit tree that has been trained to grow flat, as against a wall
2. the trellis, framework, or arrangement of stakes on which such plants are trained
3. the method used to produce such plants

verb

4. (tr) to train (a plant) on an espalier

n.

1660s, from French espalier (16c.), from Italian spalliera “stake-works shoulder-high,” from spalla “shoulder,” from Latin spatula (see spatula).

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